رمضان brings massive crowds peaking during the last ten nights with over two million at tarawih. Mid-رمضان is relatively calmer.
رمضان is the second busiest period after الحج, attracting millions combining العمرة with the holy month's blessings. The first week sees major influx. Weeks two and three dip moderately. The last ten nights see extreme crowds, especially odd nights seeking Laylat al-Qadr.
Tarawih الصلوات are a major draw, with the Haram filling to capacity regularly exceeding two million during the last ten nights. The 27th night typically sees absolute peak attendance. الطواف between Isha and tarawih can involve 2 to 4 hour waits.
Strategies: perform الطواف during less busy windows (after Fajr or late after tarawih). Arrive at the Haram 2 hours before الصلوات. Use upper floors. The first half of رمضان offers good balance of atmosphere and manageable crowds.