الطواف al-Qudum (arrival الطواف) is a السنة (مستحب) act عند جمهور العلماء, including the Hanafi, Shafi'i, and Hanbali schools. The Maliki school considers it واجب (واجب) and requires a dam (sacrifice) for omitting it. Those who perform tamattu الحج do their العمرة الطواف upon arrival, which suffices. Menstruating women and those who arrive late are exempt from الطواف al-Qudum without penalty.
الطواف al-Qudum, also known as الطواف al-Tahiyyah (greeting الطواف), is the first الطواف a الحاج performs upon arriving in مكة. The majority of scholars — Hanafi, Shafi'i, and Hanbali — consider it a السنة mu'akkadah (emphasized مستحب act), meaning it is highly مستحب but not واجب, and no penalty is due for omitting it. The Maliki school, however, considers it واجب (واجب) and holds that a dam (sacrificing a sheep) is required for deliberately skipping it without a valid excuse.
الشيخ ابن باز explained that الطواف al-Qudum applies specifically to الحجاج performing الحج al-Ifrad (الحج alone) or الحج al-Qiran (combined الحج and العمرة). Pilgrims performing الحج al-Tamattu do not need a separate الطواف al-Qudum because their العمرة الطواف upon arrival serves this purpose. Additionally, those who arrive in مكة after the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah (after عرفة) are exempt from الطواف al-Qudum عند all scholars, as the time for it has passed.
الشيخ ابن عثيمين noted that menstruating women who arrive in مكة for الحج and cannot perform الطواف before going to عرفة are excused from الطواف al-Qudum without any penalty, even عند those who consider it واجب. He emphasized that الطواف al-Qudum, whether السنة or واجب, is waived for anyone with a valid excuse, and the obligation of الطواف al-Ifadah (the essential الحج الطواف) remains unaffected.
The first thing النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم) did when he arrived in مكة was to perform الوضوء, and then he performed الطواف around the الكعبة.
The first thing النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم) did when he arrived in مكة was to perform الوضوء, and then he performed الطواف around the الكعبة.
النبي said to her when she began menstruating before arriving in مكة: 'Do everything the الحجاج do, but do not perform الطواف around the House until you are purified.'
النبي said to her when she began menstruating before arriving in مكة: 'Do everything the الحجاج do, but do not perform الطواف around the House until you are purified.'
Scholars from different schools of Islamic jurisprudence offer varying perspectives on this matter.
الطواف al-Qudum is a السنة mu'akkadah. Omitting it incurs no penalty. It applies to الحجاج of Ifrad and Qiran, not Tamattu.
Al-Hidayah: الطواف al-Qudum is a السنة for the one performing الحج, not an obligation.
The Maliki school considers الطواف al-Qudum واجب (واجب). Deliberately omitting it requires a dam (sacrifice of a sheep). Menstruating women and latecomers are excused.
Al-Mudawwanah: Imam Malik considered الطواف al-Qudum واجب upon arrival, based on النبي's consistent practice.
الطواف al-Qudum is a السنة, not an obligation. No penalty is due for omitting it. It is for الحجاج of Ifrad and Qiran upon arrival in مكة.
Al-Majmu' by al-Nawawi: 'الطواف al-Qudum is a السنة by consensus of the Shafi'i school.'
الطواف al-Qudum is a السنة mu'akkadah in the Hanbali school. No penalty for omitting it. Menstruating women are excused and proceed to عرفة.
Al-Mughni by ابن قدامة: 'الطواف al-Qudum is السنة, and no dam is required for omitting it.'
This is a scholarly summary, not a personal fatwa. Consult your scholar for personal rulings.
The first thing النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم) did when he arrived in مكة was to perform الوضوء, and then he performed الطواف around the الكعبة.
Sahih al-Bukhari #1614 (sahih)النبي said to her when she began menstruating before arriving in مكة: 'Do everything the الحجاج do, but do not perform الطواف around the House until you are purified.'
Sahih al-Bukhari #1650 (sahih)