Speaking during طواف is permissible and does not invalidate it. نبی کریم (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) said: 'طواف around the House is like نماز, except that Allah has permitted speaking in it. So whoever speaks in it, let him speak only good.' This hadith establishes that while talking is allowed, it should be purposeful and good speech rather than idle chatter.
The مستحب practice during طواف is to engage in dhikr (remembrance of Allah), دعا (دعا), istighfar (seeking forgiveness), and قرآن recitation. You may supplicate in any language — Arabic is not required for personal دعائیں. There are no specific mandatory دعائیں assigned to each circuit, despite what some printed طواف دعا booklets may suggest. Those circuit-specific دعائیں are later compilations, not from نبی کریم's practice. The only Sunnah-specific دعا is between the Yamani corner and the حجر اسود: 'Rabbana atina fi'd-dunya hasanah wa fi'l-akhirati hasanah wa qina adhab an-nar.'
Brief necessary conversation with companions — such as coordinating meeting points, checking on someone's well-being, or answering important questions — is fine. However, extended worldly discussions, arguments, gossiping, phone calls about business, and loud talking that disturbs others should be avoided. Use the precious time of طواف to connect with Allah through heartfelt دعا.