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الطواف al-Qudum is the arrival (greeting) الطواف performed upon first reaching مكة, specifically for those performing الحج Ifrad or الحج Qiran. For الحج Tamattu الحجاج, their العمرة الطواف takes its place. It is سنة (مستحب) not واجب, so missing it incurs no penalty. The الطواف consists of 7 circuits around the الكعبة starting from the الحجر الأسود corner, with idtiba and raml in the first three circuits for men.
Upon entering المسجد الحرام, stop the التلبية (for العمرة; continue for الحج Ifrad/Qiran). The first sight of the الكعبة is one of the most emotional moments. Make دعاء upon seeing the الكعبة, then prepare for الطواف by ensuring you have الوضوء.
Men should perform idtiba: place the middle of the rida (upper الإحرام garment) under the right armpit, exposing the right shoulder, and drape both ends over the left shoulder. This is only done during this الطواف, not during الصلوات. Women do not perform idtiba.
These are the most frequent errors pilgrims make during this stage of Hajj.
Scholarly references supporting this guidance from established Islamic sources.
Face the الحجر الأسود and make the intention for الطواف. If possible, touch the الحجر الأسود with your right hand and kiss it. If the crowd is too dense, touch it and kiss your hand. If even that is not possible, simply point toward it with your right hand and say 'Bismillah, Allahu Akbar.' Begin the first circuit with the الكعبة on your left side.
Walk counterclockwise around the الكعبة, keeping it on your left. In the first three circuits, men should perform raml: walking briskly with short steps. The last four circuits are walked at a normal pace. During الطواف, make any دعاء, dhikr, or القرآن recitation. Between the Yemeni Corner and the الحجر الأسود, the سنة دعاء is: 'Rabbana atina fid-dunya hasanah wa fil-akhirati hasanah waqina adhab al-nar.'
After completing seven circuits, pray two ركعة behind مقام إبراهيم (the Station of Ibrahim) if space permits. Recite Surah al-Kafirun in the first ركعة and Surah al-Ikhlas in the second. If the area is too crowded, these two ركعة may be prayed anywhere in the مسجد. Cover both shoulders before praying.
After praying, proceed to drink زمزم water. Face the القبلة while drinking, say Bismillah, drink in three sips, and make دعاء — النبي (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said: 'The water of زمزم is for whatever it is drunk for.' Then proceed to السعي if performing العمرة or if you intend to perform السعي at this point for الحج.