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হজ্জ consists of entering ইহরাম at the miqat, performing তাওয়াফ al-qudum upon arriving in মক্কা মুকাররমা, sa'i between Safa and Marwa, standing at আরাফাত on the 9th of Dhul Hijjah, spending the night at মুযদালিফা, stoning জামারাত al-Aqaba, offering the sacrifice, shaving the head, performing তাওয়াফ al-ifadah, and completing the days of tashreeq with stoning and overnight stays at মিনা.
Before departing for হজ্জ, the হাজী must fulfill prerequisites: Islam, sanity, puberty, physical and financial ability, and for women, a mahram (male guardian) or safe companionship জমহুর উলামাদের মতে. The হাজী must repent from all sins, settle debts, write a will, and learn the essential rites. There are three types of হজ্জ: Tamattu' (উমরাহ first, then হজ্জ — মুস্তাহাব by নবী করীম, সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম, for those not bringing a sacrificial animal), Qiran (উমরাহ and হজ্জ combined in one ইহরাম), and Ifrad (হজ্জ only, no উমরাহ). নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) said: 'If I were to do it again, I would not have brought a sacrificial animal, and I would have made it an উমরাহ' (Sahih al-Bukhari, 1651). Sheikh Ibn Baz মুস্তাহাব Tamattu' as the best type for most হাজীগণ.
Upon reaching the designated miqat boundary, perform গোসল, wear the ইহরাম garments (two white unstitched cloths for men; modest regular clothing for women), and make the intention for হজ্জ. For Tamattu', first make the intention for উমরাহ: 'Labbayk Allahumma Umratan' — perform উমরাহ, exit ইহরাম, then re-enter ইহরাম for হজ্জ on the 8th of Dhul Hijjah. For Qiran, say: 'Labbayk Allahumma Hajjan wa Umratan.' For Ifrad, say: 'Labbayk Allahumma Hajjan.' Then begin reciting the তালবিয়াহ. The five miqat points were designated by নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) as narrated by Ibn Abbas in Sahih al-Bukhari (1524) and Sahih Muslim (1181).
These are the most frequent errors pilgrims make during this stage of Hajj.
Scholarly references supporting this guidance from established Islamic sources.
Upon arriving in মক্কা মুকাররমা, proceed to মসজিদুল হারাম and perform তাওয়াফ al-Qudum (the arrival তাওয়াফ). This consists of 7 circuits around the কাবা শরীফ beginning and ending at the হাজরে আসওয়াদ. Keep the কাবা শরীফ on your left. Men perform Raml (brisk walking) in the first 3 circuits and Idtiba' (exposing the right shoulder) throughout all 7 circuits. At the হাজরে আসওয়াদ, say 'Bismillah, Allahu Akbar' and either kiss it, touch it, or point toward it from a distance. Between the Yemeni Corner and the হাজরে আসওয়াদ, recite: 'Rabbana atina fi al-dunya hasanah wa fi al-akhirati hasanah wa qina adhab al-nar' (Al-Baqarah 2:201). After তাওয়াফ, pray 2 rak'at behind Maqam Ibrahim, then drink Zamzam water.
After completing তাওয়াফ, proceed to the hill of Safa. Upon reaching Safa, face the কাবা শরীফ and recite: 'Indeed, Safa and Marwa are among the symbols of Allah' (Al-Baqarah 2:158), then say 'Abda'u bima bada'Allahu bihi' (I begin with what Allah began with). Make takbir, tahlil, and dua three times. Walk to Marwa — this is lap 1. At Marwa, face the কাবা শরীফ and repeat the dua. Walk back to Safa — this is lap 2. Complete 7 laps ending at Marwa. Men jog between the green markers. সাঈ is a rukn (pillar) of হজ্জ according to the majority, meaning it cannot be compensated by fidyah — it must be performed. নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) said: 'Perform sa'i, for Allah has prescribed sa'i for you' (Musnad Ahmad, 27394, authenticated by al-Albani).
The Day of আরাফাত is the greatest day of হজ্জ. নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) said: 'হজ্জ is আরাফাত' (Sunan al-Nasa'i, 3016, authenticated by al-Albani). On the morning of the 9th of Dhul Hijjah, travel from মিনা to the plain of আরাফাত after sunrise. The time of standing at আরাফাত begins at noon (zawal) and extends until Fajr of the 10th. Pray Dhuhr and Asr combined and shortened (2 rak'at each) at the time of Dhuhr, with one adhan and two iqamahs. Spend the rest of the day in dua, dhikr, and istighfar. Face the Qiblah, raise your hands, and supplicate with humility and hope. This is the best day for dua — Allah descends to the lowest heaven and boasts of the হাজীগণ to the angels. The best dua of আরাফাত is: 'La ilaha illallah wahdahu la sharika lah, lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu wa huwa ala kulli shay'in qadir.'
After sunset on the Day of আরাফাত, depart for মুযদালিফা calmly and with dignity. Upon arriving, pray Maghrib and Isha combined (Maghrib 3 rak'at, Isha shortened to 2 rak'at), with one adhan and two iqamahs. This combination is established in the Sunnah — নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) did not pray any nafl সালাতs between them (Sahih al-Bukhari, 1673). Spend the night at মুযদালিফা — this overnight stay is wajib (ওয়াজিব) জমহুর উলামাদের মতে. Collect pebbles for the stoning (7 pebbles for the 10th, or 49/70 total for all days). Pray Fajr at its earliest time, then make dua facing the Qiblah until the sky brightens. Depart before sunrise toward মিনা.
The 10th of Dhul Hijjah is the Day of Sacrifice (Yawm al-Nahr), the busiest day of হজ্জ with multiple rites. The Sunnah order is: (1) Stone জামারাত al-Aqaba (the large pillar) with 7 pebbles, saying 'Allahu Akbar' with each throw. Stop the তালবিয়াহ upon the first throw. (2) Offer the sacrificial animal (hady) — ওয়াজিব for Tamattu' and Qiran হাজীগণ. (3) Shave the head (halq, preferable) or trim (taqsir). After shaving, the first tahallul (partial release) occurs — all ইহরাম restrictions are lifted EXCEPT sexual relations. (4) Perform তাওয়াফ al-Ifadah (the তাওয়াফ of হজ্জ, a rukn/pillar) and sa'i (if not done earlier). After তাওয়াফ al-ifadah, the second tahallul occurs and ALL restrictions are lifted. নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) was flexible about the order of these acts on this day (Sahih al-Bukhari, 83).
The days of Tashreeq are the 11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhul Hijjah. On each day, stone all three জামারাত in order: small (7 pebbles), middle (7 pebbles), large (7 pebbles) — 21 pebbles per day. The stoning time begins after zawal (noon). After stoning the small and middle pillars, stop and make dua facing the Qiblah. After the large pillar, leave without stopping for dua. Spend the nights at মিনা — this is wajib. A হাজী may leave on the 12th after stoning if he wishes (this is called al-nufur al-awwal, the first departure), as Allah says: 'Whoever hastens in two days, there is no sin on him' (Al-Baqarah 2:203). Before leaving মক্কা মুকাররমা, perform তাওয়াফ al-Wida' (the farewell তাওয়াফ) — this is wajib for all হাজীগণ except menstruating women. নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) said: 'Let none of you depart until the last thing he does is তাওয়াফ around the House' (Sahih Muslim, 1327).