Is it permissible to stone the জামারাত before zawal (midday) on the days of Tashriq?

The timing of stoning on the days of Tashriq (11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhul-Hijjah) is a matter of scholarly debate. The majority of scholars — including the Maliki, Shafi'i, and the well-known Hanbali position — hold that stoning must be performed after zawal (when the sun passes its zenith at midday). This is based on the consistently reported practice of নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম), who stoned the জামারাত after zawal on all three days of Tashriq. Ibn Umar reported that they used to wait for zawal before going to stone.

Sheikh Ibn Baz firmly held the majority position, ruling that stoning before zawal is not valid on the days of Tashriq and must be repeated after zawal. He noted that নবী করীম's consistent practice establishes the timing, and his statement 'Take your rites from me' makes his practice binding. The Permanent Committee issued the same ruling.

However, some scholars permitted stoning before zawal in cases of hardship. Abu Hanifah permitted stoning before zawal on the 13th day. Some Hanafi scholars extended this to the 12th. Ibn Taymiyyah, the Hanbali jurist, permitted stoning before zawal for those with genuine hardship on all days of Tashriq, arguing that নবী করীম's after-zawal timing was his practice (fi'l), not an explicit command, and that the crowds create genuine hardship. Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen, while personally preferring the majority position, acknowledged the strength of Ibn Taymiyyah's argument for hardship cases.