It is permissible to perform উমরাহ on behalf of a deceased person, and the reward reaches them by Allah's permission. This is agreed upon by all four schools. The person performing উমরাহ should have completed their own ওয়াজিব উমরাহ first (if they hold উমরাহ to be ওয়াজিব). The intention is made at the miqat specifically on behalf of the deceased.
Performing উমরাহ on behalf of a deceased person is permissible according to the consensus of scholars. The reward of the উমরাহ reaches the deceased by Allah's permission. This ruling is derived by analogy (qiyas) from the explicit permission for proxy হজ্জ for the deceased, and from the general hadith that permits good deeds performed on behalf of the dead, such as charity and দোয়া.
Sheikh Ibn Baz stated that performing উমরাহ on behalf of a deceased parent, relative, or any Muslim is a righteous act and a form of birr (kindness) that benefits the deceased. The person performing the proxy উমরাহ should have already completed their own ওয়াজিব উমরাহ (for those who consider উমরাহ ওয়াজিব). They should make the niyyah (intention) at the miqat on behalf of the deceased: 'Labbayk Allahumma bi-উমরাহ on behalf of [name].'
Sheikh Al-Albani confirmed the permissibility based on the hadith where নবী করীম permitted proxy হজ্জ for the deceased, and উমরাহ follows the same ruling. He also noted that the person performing the proxy উমরাহ earns their own reward for the good deed, while the full reward of the উমরাহ goes to the deceased. There is no limit to how many proxy উমরাহs can be performed for the same deceased person.
A woman from Juhaynah came to নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) and said: 'My mother vowed to perform হজ্জ but she died before performing it. Should I perform হজ্জ on her behalf?' He said: 'Yes, perform হজ্জ on her behalf.'
A woman from Juhaynah came to নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) and said: 'My mother vowed to perform হজ্জ but she died before performing it. Should I perform হজ্জ on her behalf?' He said: 'Yes, perform হজ্জ on her behalf.'
নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) said: 'Whoever dies and had a vow to fulfill, his heir should fulfill it on his behalf.'
নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) said: 'Whoever dies and had a vow to fulfill, his heir should fulfill it on his behalf.'
Scholars from different schools of Islamic jurisprudence offer varying perspectives on this matter.
Proxy উমরাহ for the deceased is valid and permissible. The proxy should have completed their own ওয়াজিব worship first.
Hanafi scholars permit proxy উমরাহ by analogy with proxy হজ্জ for the deceased.
Proxy উমরাহ for the deceased is permissible as an act of devotion. The reward reaches the deceased.
Maliki scholars permit good deeds on behalf of the deceased, including উমরাহ.
Proxy উমরাহ for the deceased is valid and praiseworthy. The Shafi'i school encourages performing উমরাহ for deceased relatives.
Al-Majmu' by al-Nawawi: proxy উমরাহ for the deceased is permissible by scholarly consensus.
Proxy উমরাহ for the deceased is valid. If the deceased had an unfulfilled obligation of উমরাহ, it should be performed from their estate.
Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudamah: উমরাহ, like হজ্জ, can be performed by proxy for the deceased.
This is a scholarly summary, not a personal fatwa. Consult your scholar for personal rulings.
A woman from Juhaynah came to নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) and said: 'My mother vowed to perform হজ্জ but she died before performing it. Should I perform হজ্জ on her behalf?' He said: 'Yes, perform হজ্জ on her behalf.'
Sahih al-Bukhari #1852 (sahih)নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) said: 'Whoever dies and had a vow to fulfill, his heir should fulfill it on his behalf.'
Sahih al-Bukhari #6699 (sahih)