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উমরাহ consists of four essential acts: (1) entering ইহরাম at the Miqat with the intention and তালবিয়াহ, (2) performing তাওয়াফ — 7 circuits around the কাবা শরীফ, (3) performing সাঈ — 7 laps between Safa and Marwa, and (4) shaving (Halq) or trimming (Taqsir) the hair to exit the state of ইহরাম.
Before reaching the Miqat (the designated boundary point for your route), perform গোসল (full ritual bath) or at minimum অযু. Men wear two white, unstitched garments: the izar (lower wrap) and the rida' (upper wrap). Women wear their normal modest clothing — there is no specific color requirement. Apply fragrance to the body (not the ইহরাম garments) before making the intention. At the Miqat, make the intention (niyyah) in your heart for উমরাহ and begin reciting the তালবিয়াহ. The Miqat points are: Dhul Hulayfah (for those from মদীনা মুনাওয়ারা), Al-Juhfah (from the west/Levant), Qarn al-Manazil (from Najd), Yalamlam (from Yemen), and Dhat Irq (from Iraq).
From the moment you enter ইহরাম until you begin তাওয়াফ, recite the তালবিয়াহ frequently and with a raised voice (for men). The তালবিয়াহ is the hallmark of ইহরাম and a declaration of your submission to Allah's call. Women recite it softly. Continue the তালবিয়াহ during your travel to মক্কা মুকাররমা. Stop reciting the তালবিয়াহ when you first see the কাবা শরীফ or when you begin your তাওয়াফ.
These are the most frequent errors pilgrims make during this stage of Umrah.
Scholarly references supporting this guidance from established Islamic sources.
Enter মসজিদুল হারাম with your right foot first, reciting the dua for entering the মসজিদ. It is মুস্তাহাব to enter through Bab al-Salam (the Gate of Peace) if accessible, though any entrance is permissible. When you first see the কাবা শরীফ, pause and make heartfelt dua, as this is a moment when দোয়াs are answered. Raise your hands and ask Allah for whatever you wish. Then proceed toward the হাজরে আসওয়াদ to begin তাওয়াফ.
Begin at the হাজরে আসওয়াদ (al-Hajar al-Aswad). Face the হাজরে আসওয়াদ, raise your right hand toward it, and say 'Bismillah, Allahu Akbar.' If you can touch or kiss the হাজরে আসওয়াদ without harming others, do so. Otherwise, simply point toward it and begin. Keep the কাবা শরীফ on your LEFT side and walk counterclockwise. Complete 7 full circuits. Men perform Raml (brisk walking with small steps) during the first 3 circuits and Idtiba' (exposing the right shoulder by placing the rida' under the right arm) throughout all 7 circuits. Between the Yemeni Corner (al-Rukn al-Yamani) and the হাজরে আসওয়াদ, recite the dua below. You may make any other dua or dhikr during the rest of the circuits.
After completing the 7 circuits, proceed to the Station of Ibrahim (Maqam Ibrahim) and pray 2 rak'at. Recite Surah al-Kafirun (109) in the first rak'ah and Surah al-Ikhlas (112) in the second rak'ah. If it is too crowded to pray directly behind Maqam Ibrahim, you may pray anywhere in the মসজিদ — the obligation is the 2 rak'at, not the specific location. After praying, make dua.
After praying the 2 rak'at, proceed to the Zamzam water stations. Face the Qiblah, say 'Bismillah,' drink your fill, and pour some over your head if you wish. Make dua while drinking, as নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) said: 'The water of Zamzam is for whatever it is drunk for.' Ask Allah for beneficial knowledge, ample provision, and healing from every disease.
Proceed to the hill of Safa to begin সাঈ. Upon reaching Safa, face the কাবা শরীফ, raise your hands, and recite the verse: 'Indeed, Safa and Marwa are among the symbols of Allah...' (Al-Baqarah 2:158). Then make dua and begin walking toward Marwa. Walking from Safa to Marwa is one lap, and from Marwa back to Safa is the second lap. Complete 7 laps, ending at Marwa. Men should jog between the two green markers (fluorescent lights). At each hill (Safa and Marwa), face the কাবা শরীফ, raise your hands, make takbir, tahlil, and dua. You may make any dua during the walking.
After completing সাঈ at Marwa, men should either shave the entire head (Halq) or trim the hair evenly from all sides (Taqsir). Shaving is more virtuous, as নবী করীম (সাল্লাল্লাহু আলাইহি ওয়া সাল্লাম) supplicated three times for those who shave and once for those who trim. Women trim approximately a fingertip's length from the ends of their hair — women do NOT shave their heads. After cutting the hair, you have exited the state of ইহরাম, and all ইহরাম restrictions are lifted. Your উমরাহ is now complete. Praise Allah and ask Him to accept your উমরাহ.
With the hair cutting complete, you have fully exited the state of ইহরাম. All restrictions are now lifted — you may wear regular clothing, apply fragrance, and resume normal activities. It is মুস্তাহাব to pray 2 rak'at of gratitude (salat al-shukr) and spend time in the Haram making dua, reading কুরআন, and worshipping. If you are staying in মক্কা মুকাররমা, take advantage of your time to perform additional voluntary তাওয়াফ (nafl তাওয়াফ), as each circuit is a tremendous act of worship.