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طواف al-Qudum is the arrival (greeting) طواف performed upon first reaching مکہ مکرمہ, specifically for those performing حج Ifrad or حج Qiran. For حج Tamattu حجاج, their عمرہ طواف takes its place. It is sunnah (مستحب) not wajib, so missing it incurs no penalty. The طواف consists of 7 circuits around the کعبۃ اللہ starting from the حجر اسود corner, with idtiba and raml in the first three circuits for men.
Upon entering مسجد الحرام, stop the تلبیہ (for عمرہ; continue for حج Ifrad/Qiran). The first sight of the کعبۃ اللہ is one of the most emotional moments. Make دعا upon seeing the کعبۃ اللہ, then prepare for طواف by ensuring you have وضو.
Men should perform idtiba: place the middle of the rida (upper احرام garment) under the right armpit, exposing the right shoulder, and drape both ends over the left shoulder. This is only done during this طواف, not during نمازs. Women do not perform idtiba.
These are the most frequent errors pilgrims make during this stage of Hajj.
Scholarly references supporting this guidance from established Islamic sources.
Face the حجر اسود and make the intention for طواف. If possible, touch the حجر اسود with your right hand and kiss it. If the crowd is too dense, touch it and kiss your hand. If even that is not possible, simply point toward it with your right hand and say 'Bismillah, Allahu Akbar.' Begin the first circuit with the کعبۃ اللہ on your left side.
Walk counterclockwise around the کعبۃ اللہ, keeping it on your left. In the first three circuits, men should perform raml: walking briskly with short steps. The last four circuits are walked at a normal pace. During طواف, make any دعا, dhikr, or قرآن recitation. Between the Yemeni Corner and the حجر اسود, the sunnah دعا is: 'Rabbana atina fid-dunya hasanah wa fil-akhirati hasanah waqina adhab al-nar.'
After completing seven circuits, pray two rak'at behind مقام ابراہیم (the Station of Ibrahim) if space permits. Recite Surah al-Kafirun in the first rak'ah and Surah al-Ikhlas in the second. If the area is too crowded, these two rak'at may be prayed anywhere in the مسجد. Cover both shoulders before praying.
After praying, proceed to drink زمزم water. Face the Qibla while drinking, say Bismillah, drink in three sips, and make دعا — نبی کریم (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) said: 'The water of زمزم is for whatever it is drunk for.' Then proceed to سعی if performing عمرہ or if you intend to perform سعی at this point for حج.