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| Arabic | قضاء |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | qa-DAA |
| Etymology | From Arabic قضاء (qada'), derived from the root ق-ض-ي (qa-da-ya, 'to decree/fulfill/settle'). In fiqh, it specifically means fulfilling an obligation outside its original timeframe. |
Qada(قضاء) The Islamic legal concept of performing a missed or invalid ওয়াজিব act of worship after its prescribed time. It applies to সালাতs, fasting, হজ্জ rites, and other religious obligations that were missed for valid reasons.
قضاء
Qada is distinguished from ada (performing an act within its prescribed time). When a religious obligation is missed — whether due to valid excuses like illness, travel, menstruation, or forgetfulness — the Muslim is required to make it up as qada at the earliest opportunity. For সালাত (salah), qada means performing the missed সালাত with the same number of rakaat. For fasting (sawm), days missed during Ramadan must be made up before the next Ramadan. In the context of হজ্জ, if a হাজী's হজ্জ is invalidated (such as through sexual relations before আরাফাত), they must perform qada হজ্জ the following year. Some rites within হজ্জ that are missed may also require qada alongside a penalty (dam or fidyah). The Hanafi school particularly emphasizes the obligation of qada for missed সালাতs, even those missed without a valid excuse.
From Arabic قضاء (qada'), derived from the root ق-ض-ي (qa-da-ya, 'to decree/fulfill/settle'). In fiqh, it specifically means fulfilling an obligation outside its original timeframe.
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