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| Arabic | صوم |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | SAWM |
| Etymology | From Arabic صوم (sawm), derived from the root ص-و-م (sa-wa-ma, 'to abstain/refrain'). The related word siyam is also used. The term encompasses abstaining from physical and spiritual impurities. |
Sawm(صوم) Islamic fasting, which involves abstaining from all food, drink, and marital relations from the break of dawn until sunset. It is the fourth pillar of Islam, ওয়াজিব during the month of Ramadan.
صوم
Sawm was prescribed in the second year of Hijrah and is ওয়াজিব for every sane, adult Muslim during Ramadan. The কুরআন states: 'O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may attain taqwa (God-consciousness)' (2:183). Beyond Ramadan, voluntary fasting is highly মুস্তাহাব on days like Mondays and Thursdays, the 13th-14th-15th of each lunar month, and the Day of আরাফাত (9th Dhul Hijjah) for non-হাজীগণ. In the হজ্জ context, sawm plays several roles: fasting on the Day of আরাফাত is মুস্তাহাব for non-হাজীগণ but disliked for হাজীগণ performing হজ্জ (to maintain strength); fasting is prohibited on Eid al-Adha (10th Dhul Hijjah) and the Days of Tashreeq (11th-13th); and fasting three days can serve as a substitute for certain penalties (dam/fidyah) when a হাজী cannot afford the sacrifice.
From Arabic صوم (sawm), derived from the root ص-و-م (sa-wa-ma, 'to abstain/refrain'). The related word siyam is also used. The term encompasses abstaining from physical and spiritual impurities.
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