Verify agent registration with your Hajj authority, never pay full amount upfront in cash, get everything in writing, and watch for suspiciously low prices.
Verify that your agent is officially registered with your country's Hajj regulatory authority. In the UK, check ATOL/ABTA registration. In the US, verify with the relevant state authority. Never book with unregistered operators.
Red flags: full payment demanded upfront, cash-only requirements, dramatically low prices, no physical office address, newly established operators with no track record, and pressure to book immediately without time to research.
Protective measures: get all terms in writing before paying. Pay by credit card for chargeback protection. Ask for references from previous pilgrims. Join online forums where pilgrims share reviews. Report suspicious operators to consumer protection authorities.