What is the difference between Hajj Tamattu, Ifrad, and Qiran?

The three types of Hajj differ in how Umrah and Hajj are combined: Hajj Tamattu involves performing a complete Umrah upon arrival in Makkah, exiting ihram and enjoying normal activities, then entering ihram again for Hajj on the 8th of Dhul Hijjah. This is the most recommended type for pilgrims coming from outside Makkah, as the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'If I had known beforehand what I know now, I would not have brought a sacrificial animal and I would have made it an Umrah' (Bukhari). A sacrifice (hady) is required.

Hajj Ifrad means performing Hajj only, without Umrah. The pilgrim enters ihram with the intention for Hajj alone and remains in ihram (or enters ihram on the 8th if a Makkah resident). No sacrifice is required, though it is recommended. Hajj Qiran combines Umrah and Hajj in a single continuous ihram — the pilgrim enters ihram intending both and does not exit ihram between them. The rituals are essentially the same as Ifrad, but a sacrifice is required as with Tamattu. Qiran is less common today as it requires staying in ihram for a longer period. The majority of scholars recommend Tamattu for non-residents of Makkah, and most Hajj operators structure their programs around it.