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الحديبية
Hudaybiyyah is located on the outskirts of Makkah, where the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was signed in 6 AH (628 CE) between Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the Quraysh. Though initially appearing unfavorable, the Quran described it as a 'clear victory' (Surah Al-Fath 48:1). It was also the site of Bay'at ar-Ridwan, the Pledge of Pleasure under a tree.
In 6 AH, the Prophet (PBUH) set out with about 1,400 Muslims for Umrah. The Quraysh blocked their entry to Makkah. Negotiations took place at Hudaybiyyah, where the Prophet received the Bay'at ar-Ridwan (Pledge under the Tree) from his companions, pledging to fight if necessary. The resulting treaty included a 10-year truce, the Muslims returning that year but being allowed to perform Umrah the following year, and mutual non-aggression terms. Though some companions were initially disappointed, the Quran called it a 'manifest victory.' The peace enabled widespread dawah and the Muslim community grew rapidly.
The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah is one of the most strategically significant events in the seerah. It demonstrated the Prophet's wisdom in diplomacy, the companions' loyalty through the Bay'at ar-Ridwan (which the Quran says pleased Allah), and the principle that apparent setbacks can be divine victories. The peace led directly to the peaceful conquest of Makkah two years later.
The historic site of Hudaybiyyah is now within the urban sprawl of greater Makkah, in the area known as Al-Shumaisi. The exact tree under which the Bay'at ar-Ridwan took place no longer exists. A small mosque (Masjid al-Hudaybiyyah) is in the vicinity. The site is not a common tourist destination and is not part of Hajj or Umrah rites. Those interested in seerah may visit with a knowledgeable guide who can identify the historical landmarks in relation to modern development.