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المطاف
The Mataf is the polished white marble area immediately surrounding the Kaaba where pilgrims perform tawaf (circumambulation). It has been significantly expanded in recent years to accommodate more pilgrims, with the temporary mataf structure removed and the permanent ground-level area widened to allow tens of thousands to perform tawaf simultaneously.
The Mataf has undergone numerous expansions throughout Islamic history. The original area was relatively small, accommodating the modest number of early Muslims. Ottoman-era expansions increased the space, and the Saudi expansions from 1955 onward transformed it dramatically. The most recent expansion project removed the temporary elevated mataf platform and widened the ground-level circumambulation area, using heat-resistant marble that stays cool underfoot.
The Mataf is where the obligatory act of tawaf takes place. Tawaf around the Kaaba is a pillar of both Hajj and Umrah. The act of circling the Kaaba seven times counterclockwise symbolizes the unity of believers in worship of the One God.
The Mataf is accessible 24/7. During peak times (after obligatory prayers, Fridays, Ramadan), it can be extremely crowded. For a calmer experience, perform tawaf late at night or early morning. Wheelchairs have designated lanes on the outer edge. The marble is specially treated to remain cool even in extreme heat. Stay hydrated and wear comfortable footwear (or go barefoot as many do). Follow the counterclockwise flow and avoid stopping abruptly.