A resident of Makkah may perform proxy Hajj on behalf of another person, and this is the position of the majority of scholars. The validity of proxy Hajj depends on the conditions of the proxy — being Muslim, sane, mature, and having completed their own obligatory Hajj — not on their geographical location. The person on whose behalf Hajj is performed receives the full reward regardless of where the proxy begins.
Sheikh Ibn Baz stated that proxy Hajj performed by a Makkah resident is valid and fulfills the obligation. He did not require the proxy to be from a specific location. He noted that in practical terms, many families hire proxies from Makkah or nearby cities due to convenience and lower cost, and this is acceptable as long as the proxy meets all the conditions.
The Hanbali school, however, has a preference (not a strict requirement) that the proxy should be from the same country or region as the person on whose behalf Hajj is performed. The reasoning is that the full journey — with its hardship, travel expenses, and spiritual preparation — is part of the Hajj experience, and ideally the proxy should replicate the complete journey. Ibn Qudamah mentioned this preference in Al-Mughni but acknowledged that a proxy from any location is valid. Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen considered this preference to be a recommendation, not a condition for validity.