Performing tawaf on the upper floors and rooftop of Masjid al-Haram is valid according to the majority of contemporary scholars. Sheikh Ibn Baz ruled that tawaf on any level of the mosque is valid as long as the pilgrim is circumambulating around the Ka'bah, even if they are at a higher elevation than the Ka'bah itself. He noted that the Ka'bah extends upward conceptually — the airspace above the Ka'bah is also considered part of its sacred area — and therefore tawaf at a higher level remains around the Ka'bah.
Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen held a slightly more nuanced view: he considered tawaf on the upper floors valid when the ground floor is too crowded, but he noted that being closer to the Ka'bah is more virtuous (afdal) and that the ground level is preferable when accessible. He stated that tawaf on the upper floors satisfies the requirement of circumambulating the Ka'bah and is especially appropriate for the elderly, those in wheelchairs, and during extremely crowded times.
The Permanent Committee confirmed the validity of tawaf on all levels of Masjid al-Haram, noting that the expansion of the mosque and the addition of multiple floors were specifically designed to accommodate the growing number of pilgrims. The key condition that scholars stipulate is that the pilgrim must be circling around the Ka'bah — if the upper floor extends beyond the Ka'bah's vertical projection, some scholars debated whether the outermost path is valid, but the prevailing contemporary view is that it remains valid as the pilgrim is still circumambulating the Sacred House.