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| Arabic | صوم |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | SAWM |
| Etymology | From Arabic صوم (sawm), derived from the root ص-و-م (sa-wa-ma, 'to abstain/refrain'). The related word siyam is also used. The term encompasses abstaining from physical and spiritual impurities. |
Sawm(صوم) Islamic fasting, which involves abstaining from all food, drink, and marital relations from the break of dawn until sunset. It is the fourth pillar of Islam, wajib during the month of Ramadhan.
صوم
Sawm was prescribed in the second year of Hijrah and is wajib for every sane, adult Muslim during Ramadhan. The Al-Quran states: 'O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may attain taqwa (God-consciousness)' (2:183). Beyond Ramadhan, voluntary fasting is highly sunnah on days like Mondays and Thursdays, the 13th-14th-15th of each lunar month, and the Day of Arafah (9th Dzulhijjah) for non-jamaah haji. In the Haji context, sawm plays several roles: fasting on the Day of Arafah is sunnah for non-jamaah haji but disliked for jamaah haji performing Haji (to maintain strength); fasting is prohibited on Eid al-Adha (10th Dzulhijjah) and the Days of Tashreeq (11th-13th); and fasting three days can serve as a substitute for certain penalties (dam/fidyah) when a jamaah haji cannot afford the sacrifice.
From Arabic صوم (sawm), derived from the root ص-و-م (sa-wa-ma, 'to abstain/refrain'). The related word siyam is also used. The term encompasses abstaining from physical and spiritual impurities.
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